As of the July, 2022, release via CMS

NORWALK HOSPITAL

CMS id: 070034
MAPLE ST, NORWALK CT 6856. County: FAIRFIELD
System: WESTERN CONNECTICUT HEALTH NETWORK
CBSA: Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT

The 238-bed, acute-care hospital had $-28,225,572 in net service to patients*, with a total profit margin of 5.77582% in fiscal year 2021, the latest year available.
It spent 3.20% of its operating expenses on uncompensated care and reported $14,083,965 in Medicaid shortfall.

* For more about Net Service to Patients and operating revenue, please the finance section below.

Note: Medians are from acute-care hospitals with "complete" fiscal years. For more about how we calculated medians and cost reports in general, please click here.

Details

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
# of days in fyear	365	365	365	366	365
Ownership	nfp	nfp	nfp	nfp	nfp
Acute beds Median	184 118	195 118	179 119.5	178 118	152 119
Total beds Median	260 162	271 162	255 162	256 162	238 163.5
FTEs Median	1,593.17 788.06	1,588.75 793.42	1,538.54 806.03	1,347.18 787.61	1,307.05 804.34

Finances As they appear in worksheet G3 of the cost reports.

Note: Net Patient Revenue is considered operating revenue, which means Net Service to Patients is considered operating profit. Click here for more about cost report financials

Hospital cost reports are an enormously complicated dataset. There are whole organizations and an offical CMS vendor dedicated to helping researchers work with the data.
It's important to understand that hospital financials in cost reports are not organized in the same as other sources such as annual financial reports to bond holders.

The biggest difference is the concept of operating revenue and profit. Net Service to patients (NS2P), which is the sum of net patient revenue minus operating expenses, is considered the equivalent of operating profit according to the Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission (MACPAC). See the last paragraph of "Primary Data Sources" on page 55 of Annual Analysis of Disproportionate Share Hospital Allotments to States (PDF).

That would make Net Patient Revenue = operating revenue.

All this makes things challenging when comparing what's reported in cost reports to other sources. It becomes clearer when you consider that, beyond the purpose of reimbursement, cost reports are a tool for policymakers trying to understand the financial situation of a hospital doing the tasks specific to hospitals.

In other words, while a facility with a division that formulates drugs might include earnings from that as operating revenue in their corporate annual result, this is not central to the operations of a hospital caring for patients and so it is counted as "other income." (See below the financials section for more on "other income")

The healthcare consulting firm HMP, in a former partnership with Modern Healthcare, did develop a formula for estimating operating revenue closer to what one might find in other sources. We no longer use this for the following reasons:

The measure was not widely used beyond HMP and Modern Healthcare. Many hospitals had their own internal estimates of operating revenue and profit.
Because of this, there was confusion when reporting operating results for individual hospitals. There was often pushback when a facility's internal numbers did not match what Modern Healthcare was reporting.
The formula includes revenue from portions of the "other income" section, which may also include non-operating revenue. HMP themselves point out in a caveat on their site that they cannot exclude all non-operating revenue from their measure.

HMP's operating measure has proven problematic in the past for our reporting and the partnership with them ended years ago. It's best to not use a measure that we alone cannot defend.

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Net patient revenue ? Median	345,185,476 150,932,746	354,445,308 158,950,878	357,593,318 168,696,998	320,793,973 163,454,693	344,622,347 186,589,412
Operating expenses Median	360,761,874 149,311,209	361,307,299 156,110,414	374,714,292 164,890,568	381,873,286 166,516,854	372,847,919 180,120,888
Net income from service 2 patients (NS2P) ? Median	-15,576,398 -964,173	-6,861,991 -643,601.5	-17,120,974 -116,254	-61,079,313 -5,025,862	-28,225,572 -1,284,564
NS2P margin ? Median	-4.51% -0.62	-1.94% -0.29	-4.79% 0.18	-19.04% -5.07	-8.19% -0.88

Range* of Net Service to Patient (NS2P) margins

= NS2P margin for NORWALK HOSPITAL compared to all** acute-care hospitals, from CMS cost reports.
Note: NS2P is considered operating margin by MACPAC. The chart below is interactive: click or touch to see more.

* Data range does not show outliers, which fall beyond the minimum and maximum of the range.
** From cost reports with complete fiscal years. Number of acute-care hospitals available to calculate medians:

2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
3,157	3,092	3,050	3,052	2,566

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Other income* Median Click here to show/hide details	40,176,627 5,089,215	30,740,365 4,572,541	16,071,138 5,268,134	76,337,801 13,092,619	35,624,579 12,369,236
⊳ Line 6: Contributions ? ⊳ Median	0 224,999	0 199,009	4,537,614 206,870.5	0 194,343	7,313,543 249,496
⊳ Line 7: Investments ? ⊳ Median	10,369,238 299,524	16,562,455 188,688.5	0 370,813	19,130,878 309,361.5	0 375,329
⊳ Line 8: Revenue from telephone service	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL
⊳ Line 9: Revenue from tv and radio	--	--	--	--	--
⊳ Line 10: Purchase discounts	10,701	27,351	69,365	26,514	26,645
⊳ Line 11: Rebates and refunds of expenses	0	0	0	0	0
⊳ Line 12: Parking lot receipts	135,370	94,857	116,711	451	0
⊳ Line 13: Revenue from laundry and linen service	0	0	0	0	0
⊳ Line 14: Revenue from meals sold to emplyees and guests	613,287	10,516	0	0	0
⊳ Line 15: Revenue from rental of living quarters	12,655	11,488	0	0	0
⊳ Line 16: Revenue from sale of medical and surgical supplies	0	0	0	0	0
⊳ Line 17: Revenue from sale of drugs to other than patients	0	0	0	0	0
⊳ Line 18: Revenue from sale of medical records and abstracts	67,479	11,193	76,198	127,715	90,276
⊳ Line 19: Tuition (fees, sale of textbooks, uniforms, etc.)	28,150	22,050	25,450	18,250	10,250
⊳ Line 20: Revenue from gifts, flowers, coffee shops, canteen	205,176	34,687	19,929	10,735	0
⊳ Line 21: Rental of vending machines	6,936	11,017	13,570	7,469	4,919
⊳ Line 22: Rental of hospital space	4,409,669	1,668,552	1,523,539	1,816,169	2,205,525
⊳ Line 23: Gov appropriations ? ⊳ Median	1,590,673 1,017,693	1,776,996 983,261.5	1,524,384 1,173,286	1,592,495 1,987,202	1,531,711 1,597,664
⊳ Sum Line 24	22,726,213	10,508,933	8,164,378	53,607,125	24,441,710
Total income ? Median	24,600,229 6,586,430	23,878,374 6,767,106	-1,049,836 8,419,950	15,258,488 8,094,175	7,399,007 15,162,888
Non-operating expenses Median	503,620 146,289.5	9,304,022 164,857	3,595,514 89,880.5	9,056,224 106,761	-14,563,373 31,473.5
Net income Median	24,096,609 6,043,842	14,574,352 5,845,112	-4,645,350 7,606,259	6,202,264 7,283,041	21,962,380 14,957,241
Net margin Median	6.25298% 4.62%	3.78372% 4.42%	-1.24319% 5.16%	1.56176% 5.2%	5.77582% 9.25%

* About "Other income": Other income, or line 25 in worksheet G3, is the sum of lines 6 through 24. It includes three lines that are considered non-operating revenue - contributions, investments and government appropriations. Medians are included for these three lines. It also contains items that are not central to providing healthcare, such as revenue from parking or gift shops.
"Sum Line 24" is a special case. Called "Other (specify)" in the cost reports, CMS allows for this line to be "subscripted," or divided into sublines like 002400, 002401, 002402. And hospitals do that, up to 100 lines, to detail income (and sometimes negative returns) that are otherwise not covered in the previous "other" lines. Therefore, "Sum Line 24" is the sum of all the lines 24.

Range* of total profit (loss) margins

= Total margin for NORWALK HOSPITAL compared to all** acute-care hospitals, from CMS cost reports.
The chart below is interactive: click or touch to see more.

2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
3,157	3,092	3,050	3,052	2,566

Medicare revenue

Inpatient and outpatient revenue

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
All inpatient revenue Median Click here to show/hide details	61,713,035 23,241,334	63,487,706 23,709,545	62,328,353 24,248,380	55,949,546 22,858,541	58,635,698 23,620,613
"All inpatient revenue" is made up of any Medicare payments for routine inpatient, swingbed SNFs, TEFRA, IPF, IRF, inpatient long-term care, CAH and inpatient SNF facilities. Medians are only calculated when there are sufficient facilities reporting revenue.
⊳ Routine inpatient revenue ⊳ Median	60,074,677 21,577,146	62,174,934 22,041,594	61,236,837 22,722,063	54,836,011 21,570,441	57,913,380 22,140,684
⊳ Swingbeds ⊳ Median	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --
⊳ Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act payments (TEFRA) ⊳ Median	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --
⊳ Inpatient psychiatric facility (IPF) ⊳ Median	1,638,358 1,845,420	1,312,772 1,757,392	1,091,516 1,738,842	1,113,535 1,510,463	722,318 1,393,140
⊳ Inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) ⊳ Median	0 3,535,627	0 3,746,588	0 3,782,288	0 3,865,578	0 3,983,889
⊳ Long-term care hospital (LTCH) ⊳ Median	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --
⊳ Critical-access hospitals ⊳ Median	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --
⊳ Skilled-nursing facilities (SNF) ⊳ Median	0 1,203,033	0 1,215,295	0 1,313,657	0 1,365,298	0 1,179,746
All outpatient revenue Median Click here to show/hide details	34,545,584 11,160,864	35,068,119 11,987,345	36,034,402 12,926,866	30,464,439 11,884,480	30,708,390 13,145,163
"All outpatient revenue" is made up of any payments for routine outpatient, HHA, CMHC, rural health and other federally-qualified health clinics. Medians are only calculated when there are sufficient facilities reporting revenue.
⊳ Routine outpatient revenue ⊳ Median	34,545,584 10,918,923	35,068,119 11,706,976	36,034,402 12,615,917	30,464,439 11,458,116	30,708,390 12,776,716
⊳ Home Health agencies (HHA) ⊳ Median	0 1,282,808	0 1,407,728	0 1,341,512	0 1,407,046	0 1,476,867
⊳ Community mental health clinics (CMHC) ⊳ Median	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --
⊳ Rural health clinics ⊳ Median	0 618,038	0 697,279	0 690,232	0 684,010	0 670,558
⊳ Other federally qualified health clinics ⊳ Median	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --	0 --

Other payments

Item	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Graduate Medical Education (GME) Median	8,711,859 3,284,314	9,514,767 3,250,551	9,444,793 3,386,837	9,246,152 3,360,806	9,796,919 3,508,953
Disproportionate-share hospital (DSH) Median	964,403 594,888	824,688 595,761	899,569 577,894	916,530 542,168	903,854 549,667
Outlier Median	2,305,837 582,572	1,609,518 538,116	418,713 212,434	368,022 126,559	393,957 139,139

Uncompensated care

Item	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Medicaid shortfall Median	36,175,044 3,662,910	16,215,042 3,730,911	8,133,077 4,081,319	14,744,538 4,643,908	14,083,965 4,389,147
Charity care Median	6,891,652 2,654,636	5,583,383 2,940,659	6,643,544 3,380,215	7,591,810 3,488,738	6,730,085 3,233,405
Uncompensated care (UCC) Median	11,621,293 5,147,790	10,872,372 5,337,617	13,525,887 5,711,082	12,899,731 5,923,418	11,923,096 5,508,107
UCC as a % of operating expenses Median	3.22% 3.24	3.01% 3.12	3.61% 3.21	3.38% 3.3	3.20% 2.86
Total shortfall/UCC Median	47,796,337 9,489,989	27,087,414 9,424,297	21,658,964 10,120,158	27,644,269 11,171,337	26,007,061 10,133,851

Labor costs

	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Total salaries Median	134,235,503 52,142,039	137,284,345 54,485,252	125,012,916 57,395,589	112,882,376 58,830,919	109,337,607 61,722,907
Salaries as a % of operating expenses Median	37.21 36.68	38.00 36.56	33.36 36.37	29.56 35.93	29.32 35.24
Intern, resident salaries* Median	4,350,174 2,598,592	4,601,253 2,686,824	4,455,813 2,753,773	4,538,074 2,937,156	5,008,870 2,909,848
Contract intern, resident salaries* Median	0 1,251,927	0 1,186,494	0 1,204,885	0 1,279,653	0 1,469,317
Contract adjusted salaries, direct-care Median	3,673,290 1,449,244	3,845,302 1,475,986	3,580,262 1,563,078	1,488,017 1,721,954	826,714 2,991,828
Contract hours, direct-care Median	48,287.21 22,725	49,811.95 23,018.5	46,834.00 24,503.48	18,007.25 25,026.5	8,306.50 33,786
Contract wages, direct-care Median	76.07 64.67	77.20 64.53	76.45 65.06	82.63 68.97	99.53 88.94

* in an approved program

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Cost reports are self-reported by the facility, are subject to revision and should be considered preliminary.

* Net Service to patients (NS2P) equals net patient revenue minus operating expenses. NS2P is considered the equivalent of operating profit according to the Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission (MACPAC). See the last paragraph of "Primary Data Sources" on page 55 of Annual Analysis of Disproportionate Share Hospital Allotments to States (PDF).

About medians

Medians are calculated from reports with "complete" fiscal years, or reports with fiscal years of at least 300 days and no more than 420 days.

In cases where there are fewer than 50 values reported, medians are not calculated. For childrens' hospitals, it's when fewer than 20 are reported.

Web app by Tim Broderick | email.